Всичко е относително jean-Pierre Petit Жан-Пиер Пети
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QUOI !?! __________________________________________________________________________ WHAAAAAAAT ? __________________________________________________________________________ КАКВО? __________________________________________________________________________ C'est comme pour le manège tout à l'heure __________________________________________________________________________ It's just like the merry-go-round was, a while back. __________________________________________________________________________ Също както и за въртележката преди малко. __________________________________________________________________________ Le temps, Anselme, n'est pas une chose ABSOLUE. __________________________________________________________________________ Time, Archie, is not something ABSOLUTE. __________________________________________________________________________ Времето, Анселм, не е нещо АБСОЛЮТНО. __________________________________________________________________________ Voilà autre chose !?! __________________________________________________________________________ Yer wot ? __________________________________________________________________________ Сега пък друго нещо! __________________________________________________________________________ La petite a raison, Anselme. Plus on va vite, moins on vieillit __________________________________________________________________________ Der lady is right, Archibald – Der faster you go, der less you age. __________________________________________________________________________ Ансел, момичето има право. Колкото по-бързо се движим, толкова по-малко остаряваме. __________________________________________________________________________ On dit : partir c'est mourir un peu. Alors ce serait l'inverse ?!? __________________________________________________________________________ Then do say, "to part is to die a little". But this sounds more like the opposite ! __________________________________________________________________________ Хората казват: „Всяко заминаване е едно малко умиране”. Значи е обратното? __________________________________________________________________________ 27 Attendez, la clepsydre de Monsieur Albert, le machin hydraulique, ça donnait VRAIMENT le temps qui s'écoulait dans le sous-marin ? __________________________________________________________________________ Nar look – That clepsydrable thingy wot Mr. Albert 'ad… The "ydrollick wotsit… Did it REELY tell the time in the submarine ? __________________________________________________________________________ Почакайте! Водният часовник на господин Албер, онова нещо с вода, НАИСТИНА ли отчиташе времето, което минаваше, докато бяхме в подводницата? __________________________________________________________________________ Pardi ! Comme je vous l'ai dit, cette clepsydre est alimentée par un réservoir à pression constante Pr. Elle débite à l'extérieur du sous-marin où règne la pression Pe. Le débit est proportionnel à l'écart de pression (Pr – Pe) __________________________________________________________________________ Oh, ja. Like I tol' you der clepsydra is fed from a reservoir at a constant pressure Pr. It flows to der outside of der submarine, vere der pressure is Pe. So der rate of flow is proportional to der pressure difference Pr – Pe. __________________________________________________________________________ О, да! Както ви казах, този воден часовник функционира благодарение на резервоар с постоянно налягане Pr. Той се намира на повърхността на подводницата, където налягането е Pe. Дебитът е пропорционален на разликата в налягането (Pr – Pe). __________________________________________________________________________ Plus le sous-marin va vite et plus il s'enfonce, plus la pression Pe croit, dont moins la clepsydre débite. Ainsi, plus on va vite et moins le temps s'écoule. __________________________________________________________________________ Der faster the submarine goes, der deeper she goes, an' der more der pressure Pe increases. So der less fluid der clepsydra loses. In other vords : der faster you go, der less time passes. __________________________________________________________________________ Колкото по-бързо се движи подводницата и колкото по-надълбоко слиза, толкова повече се увеличава налягането Pe и по-малко отчита водният часовник. Колкото по-бързо се движим, толкова по-бавно минава времето. __________________________________________________________________________ 28 Attendez ! Qu'est ce que c'est que ces salades ? Comment s'écoule le temps quand on est immobile ? __________________________________________________________________________ Sounds like a load of old garbage to me ! How would time flow for someone who was MOTIONLESS ? __________________________________________________________________________ Нищо не разбирам! Как може времето да минава, когато сме неподвижни? __________________________________________________________________________ Immobile par rapport à QUOI ?! __________________________________________________________________________ Motionless relative to WHAT ? __________________________________________________________________________ Неподвижни по отношение на КАКВО? __________________________________________________________________________ C'est le débit d'une clepsydre témoin placée dans un sous-marin qui, lui, reste à l'ancre, immobile, donc en surface __________________________________________________________________________ It's der rate of flow of a reference clepsydra vot's placed in a submarine at anchor, motionless – hence on der surface. __________________________________________________________________________ Това означава какво отчита водният часовник, поставен в подводница, която е закотвена, тоест, намира се на повърхността. __________________________________________________________________________ je veux tirer tout ça au clair ! __________________________________________________________________________ I'll sort this out once and for all ! __________________________________________________________________________ Искам да си изясня всичко това. __________________________________________________________________________ Qu'est ce que c'est qu'être IMMOBILE ? __________________________________________________________________________ I wonder what it's like to be motionless ? __________________________________________________________________________ Какво означава да си НЕПОДВИЖЕН? __________________________________________________________________________ Sophie, tu prends le numéro 2, moi le numéro 1. Le numéro 3 restera à l'appontement, et on naviguera tous les deux à la même vitesse V→ __________________________________________________________________________ Sophie : you take number 2 and I'll take number 1. We'll leave number 3 here at the marina, and sail the other two at the same velocity V→ __________________________________________________________________________ Софи, качи се на номер 2, аз на номер 1, а номер 3 ще остане на котва. Ще се движим с една и съща скорост V→ __________________________________________________________________________ Et se déplacer alors !?! __________________________________________________________________________ This is one dive I'm happy to stay out of ! __________________________________________________________________________ Добре, че аз няма да помръдна. __________________________________________________________________________ 29 Ils naviguent de conserve : même vitesse V, même direction et même profondeur. __________________________________________________________________________ Oh, wow, look ! A convoy ! They're going at the same speed V, in the same direction and at the same depth. __________________________________________________________________________ Виж ти! Те се движат в колона, с една и съща скорост, в една и съща посока и на еднаква дълбочина. __________________________________________________________________________ Quand on fait des expériences, c'est qu'on est pas vraiment sûr de soi __________________________________________________________________________ Peoples vot do experiments are peoples vot's not got any confidence in demselfs. __________________________________________________________________________ Когато правиш експерименти, не си много уверен в себе си. __________________________________________________________________________ Dites, Monsieur Albert, c'est quoi le mouvement ? __________________________________________________________________________ Mr. Albert, sir : what is motion ? __________________________________________________________________________ Кажете ми, господин Албер, какво е движението? __________________________________________________________________________ Bleb
Шльоп Шльоп Bonne question, Tirésias. Ce qui existe, ce sont les VITESSES RELATIVES des objets les uns par rapport aux autres. Et c'est tout à fait arbitrairement que nous décidons qu'un objet, ou un groupe d'objets : toi, moi, l'appontement, sont au repos, immobiles. Tout mouvement est RELATIF. Ainsi par exemple, en ce moment, Sophie et Anselme, qui se déplacent PAR RAPPORT à NOUS sont "IMMOBILES" l'un par rapport à l'autre. __________________________________________________________________________ Dat's a goot question, Tiresias. Der t'ing vot actually exists is der RELATIVE SPEED - der speed of vun body relative to anudder. It's really quite ARBITRARY TO ASSUME, as ve usual does, dat vun object – or group of objects (you, me, and der marina) – is AT REST. In fact, all motion is RELATIVE. So, for example… at dis moment Sophie and Archibald, who are moving relative to us, are motionless relative to each other. __________________________________________________________________________ Хубав въпрос, Тирезий. Знаем за ОТНОСИТЕЛНАТА СКОРОСТ на обектите по отношение един на друг. Ние напълно произволно решаваме дали един обект или група от обекти – ти, аз, мостикът, сме неподвижни. Всяко движение е ОТНОСИТЕЛНО. Така например в този момент Софи и Анселм, които ПО ОТНОШЕНИЕ НА НАС се движат, са „НЕПОДВИЖНИ” по отношение на някой друг. __________________________________________________________________________ 30 Nous voilà revenus au point de départ, et nos clepsydres ont débité la même quantité d'eau, elles donnent le même temps t'. __________________________________________________________________________ We're back where we started ; our clepsydras have expelled the same amount of water ; and the same time t' was passed __________________________________________________________________________ Ето, че се върнахме в изходната точка. Нашите водни часовници отчетоха еднакво количество вода, показват едно и също време - t'. __________________________________________________________________________ Deux systèmes qui sont immobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre sont SYNCHRONES __________________________________________________________________________ Two systems that are motionless relative to each other are SYNCHRONOUS. __________________________________________________________________________ Две системи, които са неподвижни по отношение една на друга, са СИНХРОННИ. __________________________________________________________________________ Il n'en est pas de même pour la clepsydre témoin, celle du numéro 3, qui est resté au repos, immobile, donc en surface. Elle indique un laps de temps plus long t. __________________________________________________________________________ It's quite different for the remaining clepsydra, number 3, which was at rest on the surface. It shows a longer elapsed time t __________________________________________________________________________ Не може да се каже същото за водния часовник от подводница номер 3, която остана неподвижна, на повърхността. Той отчита голям промеждутък от време. __________________________________________________________________________ Hum…
__________________________________________________________________________ Hmmmph
__________________________________________________________________________ Х-м...
__________________________________________________________________________ Attendez, monsieur Albert, il y a quelque chose qui cloche dans votre affaire __________________________________________________________________________ You know, Mr. Albert, there's something that bothers me about your theories. __________________________________________________________________________ Знаете ли, г-н Албер, във вашата теория нещо куца. __________________________________________________________________________ Quoi, fils ? __________________________________________________________________________ Vot, jung man ? __________________________________________________________________________ Какво, младежо? __________________________________________________________________________ De la surface, vous avez pu mesurer notre déplacement D, et notre temps d'immersion t à l'aide de la clepsydre du sous-marin numéro 3. Ce qui vous a donné une vitesse V = D/t __________________________________________________________________________ Well… At the surface you can measure the distance D we've gone, and the time t that it's taken, by using the clepsydra in submarine number 3. That gives a speed V = D/t __________________________________________________________________________ На повърхността вие можете да отчитате нашето преместване D и времето ни на потапяне с помощта на водния часовник на подводница номер 3. Така отчитате скорост V = D/t __________________________________________________________________________ Ce sont des MESURES effectuées par un observateur au repos __________________________________________________________________________ Those are measurements made by an observer at rest. __________________________________________________________________________ Това са МЕРКИ, определени от неподвижен наблюдател. __________________________________________________________________________ 31 Dans les sous-marins 1 et 2, les temps s'est écoulé plus lentement. Si nous avions fait une mesure de vitesse, nous aurions dû trouver une vitesse V' = D/t' plus élevée que V = D/t __________________________________________________________________________ But in submarines 1 and 2, time flowed more slowly. If we'd measured the speed, we should have got a value V' = D/t', which is BIGGER than V = D/t. __________________________________________________________________________ В подводница 1 и 2 времето мина по-бавно. Ако бяхме отчитали и скоростта, щеше да се получи скорост V' = D/t', по-висока от V = D/t _________________________________________________________________________ Tu n'as qu'à consulter le LOCH (*) de ton sous-marin. Il te donnera la mesure de la distance D' que tu as parcourue. __________________________________________________________________________ You hafn't consulted der LOCH of your summarine (*). Dat will tell you der distance D' you'f trafelled __________________________________________________________________________ Трябва да погледнеш устройството на подводницата, наречено ЛАГ (*) То ще то покаже разстоянието D', което си изминал. __________________________________________________________________________ ça alors !?! D' < D __________________________________________________________________________ Holey moley ! D' is less than D ! __________________________________________________________________________ Я виж ти! D' < D! __________________________________________________________________________ ça vire à l'histoire de fou !!! __________________________________________________________________________ Everybody's gorn bonkers. I always knew it'd’appen ! __________________________________________________________________________ Всички се побъркаха! __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ (*) The LOCH is a navigational instrument that tells you the distance you have travelled. __________________________________________________________________________ ЛАГ е навигационно устройство, което отчита изминатото разстояние. __________________________________________________________________________ 32 LA CONTRACTION DES LONGUEURS __________________________________________________________________________ THE LORENTZ CONTRACTION __________________________________________________________________________ СВИВАНЕ НА ЛОРЕНЦ __________________________________________________________________________ D/t = D'/t' je retrouve la même vitesse V ! __________________________________________________________________________ It looks like D/t and D'/t' are EQUAL. I get the same speed both ways ! __________________________________________________________________________ D/t = D'/t' – скоростта V е същата! __________________________________________________________________________ Mais !... ça veut dire que l'espace s'est contracté comme un accordéon, non !?! __________________________________________________________________________ But… That means space gits squorshed up like a bloomin' h'accordyon, dunnit ? __________________________________________________________________________ Но... Това означава, че пространството се е свило като акордеон, нали? __________________________________________________________________________ l'angoisse… __________________________________________________________________________ Oh 'eck…
__________________________________________________________________________ Проблем... __________________________________________________________________________ Temps, longueurs, ne sont plus qu'APPARENCES. Pas plus que de TEMPS ABSOLU il n'y a d'ESPACE ABSOLU __________________________________________________________________________ Times and lengths are only appearances. There's no more an ABSOLUTE TIME than there is ABSOLUTE SPACE. __________________________________________________________________________ Време и разстояние не са нищо повече от ВЕРОЯТНОСТ. Вече няма АБСОЛЮТНО ВРЕМЕ, а АБСОЛЮТНО ПРОСТРАНСТВО. __________________________________________________________________________ Mais revenons au COSMIC PARK et à son océan, le CHRONOS, qui ne sont bien entendu que des MODèLES, destinés à faire comprendre l'étrange structure de notre espace-temps __________________________________________________________________________ Think back to COSMIC PARK and its ocean, CHRONOS. But remember those were only MODELS, designed to help us understand the strange structure of space-time. __________________________________________________________________________ Да се върнем в КОСМИЧЕСКИЯ ПАРК, към неговия океан - ВРЕМЕТО. Но това са само ПРИМЕРИ, предназначени да разберем странната структура на нашето времепространство. __________________________________________________________________________ 33 Pour donner une idée de cette contraction des longueurs, ou CONTRACTION DE LORENTZ, le Cosmic Park doit être une sorte de sphère liquide __________________________________________________________________________ To get an idea of this shrinkage of lengths, or LORENTZ CONTRACTION (named for its discoverer), we have to think of Cosmic Park as some kind of liquid sphere. __________________________________________________________________________ За да си създадем представа за това свиване на дължините, или СВИВАНЕ НА ЛОРЕНЦ, Космическият парк трябва да бъде нещо като сфера с течност. __________________________________________________________________________ Le sous-marin d'Anselme, animé de la vitesse V, navigue en plongée, et parcourt l'arc A'B' = D' en TEMPS PROPRE, mesuré à bord, égal à t'. Pour un observateur resté à la surface, ce déplacement est perçu comme l'arc AB = D, pendant un temps t. Et on a : D'/t' = D/t = V __________________________________________________________________________ Archie's submarine, travelling at arc A'B' = D' in a PROPER TIME, measured on board, equal to t'. For an observer at rest at the surface, this movement is seen as the arc AB = D, in a time t. And we have D'/t' = D/t = V __________________________________________________________________________ Подводницата на Анселм, движеща се със скорост V, се спуска към дъното и се движи във формата на дъга A'B' = D' за СВОЕ СОБСТВЕНО ВРЕМЕ, измервано с t'. За наблюдател, намиращ се на повърхността, това преместване е по дъгата AB = D, за време t. Следователно : D'/t' = D/t = V __________________________________________________________________________ C'est drôle, suivant ce modèle, le déplacement est ANGULAIRE et c'est la PERCEPTION qui transforme cela en DISTANCE. __________________________________________________________________________ It's amusing to see that in this model, the motion is ANGULAR, and it's PERCEPTION that transforms it into DISTANCE. __________________________________________________________________________ Много странно. Излиза, че преместването е ПОД ЪГЪЛ и ВЪЗПРИЯТИЯТА го превръщат в РАЗСТОЯНИЕ. __________________________________________________________________________ 34 Mais pourquoi avoir imaginé quelque chose d'aussi compliqué ? Ces temps qui dérapent, ces distances qui raccourcissent !!! __________________________________________________________________________ But why come up with something as complicated as that ? Time that sups, space that shrinks… A jerry-built universe ! __________________________________________________________________________ Но защо трябва да си представям толкова сложни неща? Това време, което минава; тези разстояния, които се скъсяват... __________________________________________________________________________ C'est à cause de la vitesse de la lumière, fils. Tu verras plus loin. __________________________________________________________________________ Nein, nein. It's because of der speed of light, my boy. You'll soon see… __________________________________________________________________________ Всичко е заради скоростта на светлината, синко. Ще видиш по-нататък. __________________________________________________________________________ Je suppose qu'alors tout deviendra… lumineux ? __________________________________________________________________________ Yeah, I'm sure h'it'll orl be VERY illuminaytin' ! __________________________________________________________________________ Предполагам, че тогава всичко ще ми ПРОСВЕТНЕ! __________________________________________________________________________ Bon, tout ça c'est très joli, ces histoires de goutte d'eau, de sous-marin, de contraction des longueurs. Mais physiquement, ça se traduit par quoi ? __________________________________________________________________________ Well, it's all very fascinating, these cock-and-bull stories about blobs of water submarines, and contracting lengths. But what does it all mean physically ? __________________________________________________________________________ Всички тези истории за часовници, подводници и свиване на дължините са много интересни, но как се обяснява това във физиката? __________________________________________________________________________ Remonte sur le manège, savanturier de mon cœur ! __________________________________________________________________________ Back on your trusty charger, my knight in shining armor ! __________________________________________________________________________ Върни се на въртележката, умнико! __________________________________________________________________________ Je suis prêt… __________________________________________________________________________ I bet this never happened to Sir Lancelot. __________________________________________________________________________ Готов съм... __________________________________________________________________________ Tu vas voir ce que tu vas voir __________________________________________________________________________ You will see vot you will see. __________________________________________________________________________ СЕГА ЩЕ ВИДИШ! __________________________________________________________________________
Sophie !
__________________________________________________________________________ Soooophie ! __________________________________________________________________________ Софи-и-и! __________________________________________________________________________ Quelle horreur ! __________________________________________________________________________ Oh, yuk ! __________________________________________________________________________ Ужас!
__________________________________________________________________________ ALORS ?
__________________________________________________________________________ See what I mean ? __________________________________________________________________________ Ами сега! __________________________________________________________________________ mon chéri, allons, remets-toi, c'est fini… __________________________________________________________________________ Ok, sweetie – It's finished. You can get up now __________________________________________________________________________ Скъпи, хайде, ставай! Свърши! __________________________________________________________________________ c'est terrible la physique. __________________________________________________________________________ Physics is a dreadful subject. Физиката е нещо ужасно. Heureusement pour nous, ces phénomènes n'apparaissent que lorsque la vitesse s'approche sensiblement de la vitesse de la lumière qui est de 300 000 km/s __________________________________________________________________________ Fortunately for us, dese effects only show up ven ve traffles near der speed of light, vot is 300,000 km/sec. __________________________________________________________________________ Цяло щастие за нас е, че тези явления се появяват само когато скоростта се доближи чувствително до тази на светлината – 300 000 км/с. __________________________________________________________________________ si celle-ci était de quelques mètres par secondes, la vie serait absolument impossible… Hi hi hi !... __________________________________________________________________________ If it was only a few meter a second, life as ve know it would be ABSOLUTELY impossible Hur – hur- hur ! __________________________________________________________________________ Ако тя бе няколко метра в секунда, животът щеше да бъде невъзможен. Ха-ха-ха! __________________________________________________________________________ 36 Lorsque les cosmonautes restent 6 mois sur orbite, c'est-à-dire quinze millions de secondes __________________________________________________________________________ If an astronaut were to stay in orbit for six months, that is, over fifteen million seconds… __________________________________________________________________________ Когато космонавтите останат 6 месеца в орбита, тоест, 15 милиона секунди, __________________________________________________________________________ leur vieillissement est ralenti de 1, 4 centième de seconde. __________________________________________________________________________ … then his age would be retarded by 1, 4 hundredths of a second. __________________________________________________________________________ остаряването им е забавено с 1,4 стотна от секундата. __________________________________________________________________________ Quand ils reviennent, c'est pas écrit sur leur figure __________________________________________________________________________ Not that it would be exactly written on his face when he came back. __________________________________________________________________________ Когато се върнат, това не е изписано на лицата им. __________________________________________________________________________ L'aventure… __________________________________________________________________________ Beam me up, Scotty __________________________________________________________________________ Приключение... __________________________________________________________________________ Hum…
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Х-м... _________________________________________________________________________ Le monde de la relativité nous semble bien loin de notre vie de tous les jours __________________________________________________________________________ The world of relativity seems a long way removed from everyday life. __________________________________________________________________________ Светът на относителността ни изглежда много далеч от ежедневието ни. __________________________________________________________________________ 37 Pour l'instant il n'intéresse que les spécialistes de la physique des hautes énergies (*) __________________________________________________________________________ At the moment it's only of interest to specialists in high energy physics (*) __________________________________________________________________________ За момента само специалистите се интресуват от физика на високите енергии (*) __________________________________________________________________________ Reste si tu veux, moi je m'en vais __________________________________________________________________________ You stay if you like. I'm getting' outa there ! __________________________________________________________________________ Ти остани ако искаш, аз си тръгвам. __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ "Elementary" in nine letters… I wonder what that can be ? __________________________________________________________________________ „Елементарно” с девет букви... Какво е това? __________________________________________________________________________ DANGER __________________________________________________________________________ Danger __________________________________________________________________________ ОПАСНОСТ
__________________________________________________________________________ EN CAS DE FUSION BRISER LA GLACE __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ПРИ СТОПЯВАНЕ СЧУПЕТЕ СТЪКЛОТО __________________________________________________________________________ Ou certaines personnes affectionnant les expériences de plein air __________________________________________________________________________ … and certain government agencies… __________________________________________________________________________ Или някои хора, които се интересуват от експерименти във въздуха. __________________________________________________________________________ ravissant !.. __________________________________________________________________________ Business is booming ! __________________________________________________________________________ Забележително! __________________________________________________________________________ Zut, j'ai encore le nez qui coule __________________________________________________________________________ Drat – I've got an itchy nose? __________________________________________________________________________ Пфу! Носът ми тече! __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ (*) Also called PLUTOPHYSICS because it's not exactly cheap… __________________________________________________________________________ (*) Наричана още ПЛУТОФИЗИКА, защото струва скъпо (ploutos на гръцки означава "скъп" ) __________________________________________________________________________ 38 Quand j'accrois ma vitesse, est-ce que l'Univers rétrécit vraiment ?!? __________________________________________________________________________ When I go faster, does it really cause the universe to shrink ? __________________________________________________________________________ Когато увелича скоростта си, свива ли се Вселената? __________________________________________________________________________ sottises !... __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ Глупости! __________________________________________________________________________ Каталог: JPP -> telechargeables -> bulgare bulgare -> Joyeuse apocalypse bulgare -> L’aspirisouffle Flight of fancy bulgare -> Приключенията на анселм лантюрлю énergétiquement vôtre bulgare -> A quoi revent les robots run, robot, run bulgare -> Cosmic Story bulgare -> Знание без граници Le Trou Noir bulgare -> Les Aventures d’Anselme Lanturlu Изтегляне 450.36 Kb. Сподели с приятели:
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