Всичко е относително jean-Pierre Petit Жан-Пиер Пети
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- Elena Vladova )
| Приключенията на Анселм Лантурлу
Tout est relatif Everything is relative ВСИЧКО Е ОТНОСИТЕЛНО Jean-Pierre Petit Jean-Pierre Petit Жан-Пиер Пети Traduit par : Translated by : Превод : Елена Ст. Владова (Elena Vladova) __________________________________________________________________________ 2 Et en plus c'est vrai _____________________________________________________________________ It's the absolute truth _____________________________________________________________________ Това е абсолютната истина. _____________________________________________________________________ 3 Sophie, parfois je me demande… _____________________________________________________________ Sophie, I sometimes wonder… ___________________________________________________________ Софи, понякога се питам... _____________________________________________________________________ Quoi mon chéri ? _____________________________________________________________________ What sweetheart ? __________________________________________________________________ Какво, скъпи? _____________________________________________________________________ … je ne sais pas… si les choses sont réellement comme on croit… si la réalité est bien réelle… _______________________________________________________ … I dunno… if things are what they seem… if reality is really real ______________________________________________ ... не знам... дали нещата наистина са такива, каквито изглеждат... дали реалността наистина е реална... _____________________________________________________________________ S'il n'y a pas des choses derrière les choses… _____________________________________________________________________ If maybe there's something behind everything. _____________________________________________________________ Дали всичко няма скрит смисъл... _____________________________________________________________________ Attention ! Un univers peut en cacher un autre ! _____________________________________________________________________ Take note ! One universe can hide another ________________________________________________________________________ Внимавай! Една вселена може да крие друга. Tu n'as qu'à aller y voir. ________________________________________________________________________ You've only to go and look ! _____________________________________________________________________ Трябва да провериш. _____________________________________________________________________ 4 Il y a quelqu'un qui joue du violon _____________________________________________________________________ Somebody's playind a violin. _____________________________________________________________________ Някой свири на цигулка. _____________________________________________________________________ Nous voilà dans les catacombes de la physique. ______________________________________________________________________ Blimey ! That's torn it ! We're in the blinkin' catacombs of physics. _____________________________________________________________________ Ето ни в лабиринта на физиката. _____________________________________________________________________ Allez, viens ! On va apprendre des trucs ! _______________________________________________________________ Come on ! This is going to be absolutely fascinating ! _____________________________________________________________________ Хайде, ела! Ще научим нещо интересно. _____________________________________________________________________ 5 COSMIC PARK – Monsieur Albert, propriétaire-fondateur _____________________________________________________ COSMIC PARK – Mister Albert, proprietor - founder _____________________________________________________________________ КОСМИЧЕСКИ ПАРК – Господин Албер, собственик и основател _____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________ It's coming from over there _____________________________________________________________________ Чува се оттам. _____________________________________________________________________ 6 Drôle de façon de jouer du violon _____________________________________________________________________ Funny way to play a violin _____________________________________________________________________ Странен начин да свириш на цигулка. __________________________________________________________________ Chez Mr. Albert – Le manège le plus rapide du monde – 1 F la minute _____________________________________________________________________ Albert's Merry – Go –Round. The fastest show on earth $1 per minute _____________________________________________________________________ При Г-н Албер – Най-бързата въртележка в света – 1 франк на минута _______________________________________________________ Va pour une minute _____________________________________________________________________ A one-minute ride, please _____________________________________________________________________ Плащам за една минута. _________________________________________ Entendu
_____________________________________________________________________ Ja, ja
_____________________________________________________________________ Добре.
___________________________________________________ Ouh la la ! Faut s'accrocher ! Jamais vu un manège qui aille si vite ! _____________________________________________________________________ Oh wow ! Slow down, speedy ! This isn't merry at all ! _____________________________________________________________________ О! Трябва да се държа!. Не съм виждал толкова бърза въртележка! __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ Time's up ! _____________________________________________________________________ Времето свърши! __________________________________________________________ Dites donc, votre horloge, elle boucle la minute en cinquante neuf secondes. _____________________________________________________________________ Hey – That clock of yours seems to think a minute lasts 59 seconds. _____________________________________________________________________ Ей, вашият часовник да не би да отброява минутата за 59 секунди? ___________________________________________________________ Pas du tout, j'ai une minute pile ! Et c'est une Chronoperfecta, qui mesure le temps avec une précision absolue. _____________________________________________________________________ Nein, nein, nein. Vun minute precisely. It's a Chronoperfecta. It measures der time mit absolute precision. _____________________________________________________________________ Не. Точно една минута. Това е Хроноперфект, който изчислява времето с абсолютна точност. _________________________________________________________ Moi aussi j'ai une Chronoperfecta. Bizarre… Une montre neuve !... Peut-être une mauvaise série… _____________________________________________________________________ But mine's a Chronoperfecta too. Weird… It's a new one as well. Perhaps the Union was negociating a new contract that week… _____________________________________________________________________ И аз имам Хроноперфект. Странно... Нов вид часовник! Но от дефектна серия... __________________________________________________________ Enfin, elle est sous garantie _____________________________________________________________________ Oh well, it's under guarantee. _____________________________________________________________________ Има си гаранционен срок. __________________________________________________________ Ta montre marche très bien, Anselme. Les Chronoperfecta sont indéréglables. _____________________________________________________________________ There's nothing wrong with your watch, Archie. It's impossible for a Chronoperfecta to tell the wrong time. _____________________________________________________________________ Часовникът ти върви много бързо, Анселм. Хроноперфектите са безпогрешни. ___________________________________________________________________ Donc, ça vient du manège !... _____________________________________________________________________ Then it must have been that merry-go-round ! _____________________________________________________________________ Значи е заради въртележката! _____________________________________________________________________ 8 Dites, Monsieur Albert, c'est possible de faire tourner le manège à l'envers ? Mr. Albert – Is it possible to make the merry-go-round turn in the other way ? _____________________________________________________________________ Кажете ми, господин Албер, може ли въртележката да се завърти обратно? _____________________________________________________________________ Pas de problème. C'est toujours 1 franc la minute. _____________________________________________________________________ Ja, no problem. It's still $1 per minute, though. _____________________________________________________________________ Няма проблеми. Пак е 1 франк на минута. _____________________________________________________________________ Top ! _____________________________________________________________________ Time's up ! _____________________________________________________________________ Времето свърши! _____________________________________________________________________ Pfff… hmmm… Hé ?! _____________________________________________________________________ Pfff… hmmm… Hey ?! _____________________________________________________________________ Уф... Х-м... Ей? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 9 Vous m'avez encore piqué une seconde ! _____________________________________________________________________ You've cheated me of a second again ! _____________________________________________________________________ Пак ми спестихте една секунда. _____________________________________________________________________ Comment ?!?? Rien du tout ! _____________________________________________________________________ Vot ? Nutting of der kind ! _____________________________________________________________________ Не! Няма такова нещо! _____________________________________________________________________ Si môssieur ! _____________________________________________________________________ Yes you have ! _____________________________________________________________________ Да, спестихте ми. _____________________________________________________________________ Non môssieur ! _____________________________________________________________________ No I hafn't ! _____________________________________________________________________ Не, не съм! _____________________________________________________________________ Comment ?!? _____________________________________________________________________ What do you mean ? _____________________________________________________________________ Как така? _____________________________________________________________________ Quand on ne connaît pas la physique, on fait pas de manège, on reste chez soi ! _____________________________________________________________________ If you don't know enough PHYSICS, keep off der merry-go-bout ! Stay home ! _____________________________________________________________________ Когато не знаеш законите на физиката, не се возиш на въртележка, а си стоиш вкъщи. _____________________________________________________________________ ça barde ! _____________________________________________________________________ I love scientific discussions. _____________________________________________________________________ Обичам научните спорове. _____________________________________________________________________ Enfin ! Le temps c'est le temps, non ? _____________________________________________________________________ Come off it ! Time is time, after all ! _____________________________________________________________________ В крайна сметка времето си е време, нали? _____________________________________________________________________ Du calme, Anselme. Chacune des montres donne le temps propre. _____________________________________________________________________ Cool it, Archie. Both watches are showing the correct time. _____________________________________________________________________ Спокойно, Анселм. Всеки часовник отчита сам времето. _____________________________________________________________________ Le temps QUOI ?!? … Au fait, le temps c'est quoi ? _____________________________________________________________________ The correct WHAT ? What do you mean by time, anyway ? _____________________________________________________________________ КАКВО времето? Всъщност какво е времето? _____________________________________________________________________ Vous ne trouvez pas que ce garçon a le chic pour poser des questions idiotes ? _____________________________________________________________________ Have you noticed how this boy has a positive talent for dumb questions ? _____________________________________________________________________ Забелязахте ли, че това момче притежава таланта да задава глупави въпроси? _____________________________________________________________________ 10 PENDANT CE TEMPS-Là _____________________________________________________________________ MEANWHILE, BACK AT THE FAIR _____________________________________________________________________ ПРЕЗ ТОВА ВРЕМЕ _____________________________________________________________________ Vous venez ? On va faire un tour en sous-marin. _____________________________________________________________________ You coming ? It's a submarine ride. _____________________________________________________________________ Идвате ли? Ще се поразходим с подводница. _____________________________________________________________________ MONSIEUR ALBERT'S FOLIES – ALLEZ AU FOND DES CHOSES – 1 F LA MINUTE _____________________________________________________________________ Mr ALBERT' S SUBS – A REAL DIVE - £1 per Minute _____________________________________________________________________ ПОДВОДНИЦАТА НА Г-Н АЛБЕР – ПОТОПЕТЕ СЕ НА ДЪНОТО – 1 ФРАНК НА МИНУТА _____________________________________________________________________ Qu'est ce que c'est que ça ? _____________________________________________________________________ What's that ? _____________________________________________________________________ Какво е това? _____________________________________________________________________ C'est une horloge hydraulique. Un liquide, contenu dans le réservoir, est surmonté d'un gaz à pression Pr. Ce gaz pousse le liquide vers l'extérieur du sous-marin à travers un débitmètre. _____________________________________________________________________ It's ein hydraulic clock. Liquid in der reservoir turns into gas at a pressure Pr. Der gas putsches der liquid aus der submarine through a flow-meter. _____________________________________________________________________ Това е хидравличен часовник. Течността в резервоара се изтласква от газ под налягане. Газът избутва течността към върха на подводницата с помощта на дебитомер. _____________________________________________________________________ Gaz à la pression Pr – Liquide – Débitmètre – Expulsion à travers la coque. _____________________________________________________________________ Gas at pressure Pr – Liquid – Flow meter - Outlet _____________________________________________________________________ Газ под налягане – Течност – Дебитомер - Изтласкване _____________________________________________________________________ Dites, pourquoi est ce que le débitmètre est gradué en secondes ? _____________________________________________________________________ So why is the meter graduated in seconds ? _____________________________________________________________________ Обяснете ми, защо дебитомерът е разграфен в секунди? _____________________________________________________________________ 11 C'est le temps qui s'écoule, n'est ce pas. Le vieux principe de la clepsydre. _____________________________________________________________________ Is der time vat's flowink, ja ? Der old principle of der clepsydra. _____________________________________________________________________ Времето изтича, нали? Старият принцип на водните часовници. _____________________________________________________________________ Ah oui, et le débit est proportionnel à l'écart entre la pression du réservoir et la pression qui règne à l'extérieur. _____________________________________________________________________ Ah, of course. And the rate of flow is proportional to the difference between the pressure in the reservoir, and the pressure outside. _____________________________________________________________________ Разбира се. Дебитът е пропорционален на разликата между налягането в резервоара и външното налягане. _____________________________________________________________________ Mon sous-marin est équipé de barres de plongée qui font que, plus il va vite et plus il s'enfonce. _____________________________________________________________________ Mein submarine is equipped mit diving planes, so dat der faster she goes, der more she difes. _____________________________________________________________________ Моята подводница е снабдена с хидроплани, благодарение на които се движи по-бързо и се потапя по-надълбоко. _____________________________________________________________________ Ce qui fait que, pour mesurer la vitesse, il vous suffit d'un manomètre mesurant la pression extérieure. _____________________________________________________________________ And that means that ter measure its speed orl yer needs is a blinkin' manometer wot'll measure the h'exterminable pressure… _____________________________________________________________________ Значи, за да се изчисли скоростта, е достатъчен манометър, който да измери външното налягане. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________ Cripes, I gottit ! _____________________________________________________________________ Готово! _____________________________________________________________________ Dites, il va salement vite, votre engin. _____________________________________________________________________ I say, it has a mean turn of speed, your machine ! _____________________________________________________________________ Ей, вашата подводница наистина се движи бързо! _____________________________________________________________________ Bon on remonte. La minute est presque écoulée. _____________________________________________________________________ H'okay, Hup we go ! Der minute is yust run out. _____________________________________________________________________ Хайде да се изкачим. Минутата почти изтича. _____________________________________________________________________ Oh, regardez, c'est incroyable ! Nous sommes page 25 _____________________________________________________________________ Hey, wot's going on ? We're on page 25 _____________________________________________________________________ Я, гледайте, невероятно! Стигнахме до страница 25. _____________________________________________________________________ 12 LAISSONS MAX ET LéON TIRER LES CONSéQUENCES DE LEUR AVENTURE SUBAQUATIQUE, ET REVENONS à anselme ____________________________________________________________________ BUT FOR THE MOMENT WE MUST LEAVE MAX AND LENNY TO SORT OUT THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR UNDERWATER ADVENTURE, AND RETURN TO ARCHIE… _____________________________________________________________________ ДА ОСТАВИМ МАКС И ЛЕОН ДА СИ НАПРАВЯТ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЯТА ОТ ТЯХНОТО ПОДВОДНО ПРИКЛЮЧЕНИЕ И ДА СЕ ВЪРНЕМ ПРИ АНСЕЛМ _____________________________________________________________________ C'est drôle, quand on y pense. Dans l'espace, quelle que soit la direction choisie, il semble qu'on puisse toujours retourner sur ses pas, aller dans la direction opposée. _____________________________________________________________________ It's a kinda weird, when you think about it. If you move in space, then whatever direction you choose, you always seem to be able to retrace your steps and go the opposite way. _____________________________________________________________________ Странно е, като се замисля. Каквато и да е посоката, която избереш в пространството, изглежда, че винаги можеш да се върнеш обратно и да смениш посоката. _____________________________________________________________________ Je peux aller beaucoup plus vite que Tirésias, l'escargot et le dépasser. _____________________________________________________________________ Tiresias can only go at a snail's pace, so it's easy for me to overtake him. _____________________________________________________________________ Мога да се движа по-бързо от Тирезий, който се влачи като охлюв. _____________________________________________________________________ Vaine agitation. _____________________________________________________________________ Waste of breath _____________________________________________________________________ Малко да си отдъхна. _____________________________________________________________________ Ou alors m'arrêter et le laisser me dépasser. _____________________________________________________________________ Or I can stop, and let him overtake me. _____________________________________________________________________ Или пък да спра и да го оставя да ме задмине. _____________________________________________________________________ Mais quand il s'agit du temps, tout semble si différent. _____________________________________________________________________ But when it comes to moving in time, things seem to be a little different… _____________________________________________________________________ Но когато става въпрос за времето, всичко сякаш е различно. _____________________________________________________________________ 13 DANS LE PRésent Apparemment, il est interdit d'y stationner. _____________________________________________________________________ NO WAITING IN THE PRESENT Well, I guess it's forbidden to stay here… _____________________________________________________________________ В НАСТОЯЩЕТО Тук май е забранено да се спира. _____________________________________________________________________ Sous peine de ne plus pouvoir repartir _____________________________________________________________________ under penalty of not being able to start up again. _____________________________________________________________________ Няма да ме пуснат да тръгна. _____________________________________________________________________ Monsieur Tirésias ? J'ai un recommandé pour vous. _____________________________________________________________________ Person name of Tiresias ? A registered parcel for you. _____________________________________________________________________ Господин Тирезий, имате препоръчана пратка. _____________________________________________________________________ Monsieur ou madame ? _____________________________________________________________________ Mr. or Mrs. ? _____________________________________________________________________ Господин или госпожа? _____________________________________________________________________ Aucune importance. _____________________________________________________________________ Makes no difference _____________________________________________________________________ Няма значение. _____________________________________________________________________ Hum… C'est un calendrier. _____________________________________________________________________ Hmmm – It's a calendar. ______________________________________________________________________ Х-м... Това е календар. ______________________________________________________________________ Tu vois, Anselme, à chaque fois que tu enlèves une feuille, un jour s'écoule. ______________________________________________________________________ That's right, Archie. Every time you pull a page off, another day passes. ______________________________________________________________________ Виждаш ли, Анселм, всеки път, когато откъснеш един лист, минава един ден. ______________________________________________________________________ 14 Mais non, Tirésias, nous ne pouvons agir sur l'écoulement du temps. Pour enlever cette feuille, il faudra que tu attendes le lendemain. ______________________________________________________________________ No, no, Tiresias : we can't alter the passage of time ! To pull off this page, you have to wait 'til tomorrow. ______________________________________________________________________ Не, Тирезий, не можем да влияем на хода на времето. За да откъснем този лист, трябва да почакаме до утре. ______________________________________________________________________ Ah…
______________________________________________________________________ Oh ______________________________________________________________________ А! ______________________________________________________________________ L'ESPACE TEMPS ______________________________________________________________________ SPACE – TIME ______________________________________________________________________ ВРЕМЕПРОСТРАНСТВОТО ______________________________________________________________________ Sophie, qu'est ce que c'est que le temps ? ______________________________________________________________________ Sophie – What is time ? ______________________________________________________________________ Софи, какво е времето? ______________________________________________________________________ C'est une dimension comme les autres. Mets toi sur la balançoire, je vais t'expliquer. ______________________________________________________________________ It's a dimension like all the others. Climb on the swing and I'll explain. ______________________________________________________________________ Това е измерение като всички останали. Качи се на люлката и ще ти обясня. ______________________________________________________________________ Ils vont chercher de ces trucs ! ______________________________________________________________________ What an egg-straordinary dee-vice ! ______________________________________________________________________ Ама че странен предмет! ______________________________________________________________________ 15 Tu vois, par exemple, pourquoi le temps va-t-il vers le futur et non vers le passé ? ______________________________________________________________________ For instance, can you tell me why time flows toward the future and not the past ? ______________________________________________________________________ Ето, виждаш ли защо времето се движи към бъдещето, а не към миналото? ______________________________________________________________________ Attends, je te filme. ______________________________________________________________________ Smile, please ! ______________________________________________________________________ Чакай да те заснема! ______________________________________________________________________ Et alors ? ______________________________________________________________________ Now, what ? ______________________________________________________________________ И сега?
______________________________________________________________________ Passe moi des ciseaux. ______________________________________________________________________ Hand me the scissors, Archie. ______________________________________________________________________ Дай ми ножиците. ______________________________________________________________________ 16 Elle a vraiment des yeux ravissants. ______________________________________________________________________ She really does have lovely eyes… ______________________________________________________________________ Тя наистина има прекрасни очи... ______________________________________________________________________ Chaque image de ce film est censée fixer un INSTANT PRésent. Chaque seconde du film représente 24 images. Il s'agit donc d'une succession discontinue d'événements. ______________________________________________________________________ Each frame of this film is used to record a single INSTANT OF THE PRESENT. Each second of the film takes twenty-four frames. It consists of a discrete series of separate events. ______________________________________________________________________ Всеки кадър от тази лента запечатва само ЕДИН МИГ ОТ НАСТОЯЩЕТО. Всяка секунда представлява 24 кадъра. Значи става въпрос за прекъсната последователност от събития. ______________________________________________________________________ Maintenant je vais te montrer un truc : empile cette succession d'images, d'événements. ______________________________________________________________________ Now I'll show you something interesting. Pile up this series of frame-events. ______________________________________________________________________ Сега ще ти покажа нещо. Натрупай тази последователност от кадри, от събития. ______________________________________________________________________ Tu obtiens un espace-temps ______________________________________________________________________ You get a space-time. ______________________________________________________________________ Това е времепространството. ______________________________________________________________________ Un espace-temps ? ______________________________________________________________________ A space-WHAT ? ______________________________________________________________________ Времепространство? ______________________________________________________________________ Si j'augmentais à l'infini le nombre des images, j'obtiendrais un espace-temps continu à trois dimensions. ______________________________________________________________________ If I fill frames between the gaps to get an infinite number of them, then I get a continuous space-time having three dimensions. ______________________________________________________________________ Ако увеличавам до безкрайност броя на кадрите, ще получа непрекъснато времепространство с три измерения. ______________________________________________________________________ Deux d'espace et une de temps ______________________________________________________________________ Two of space, and one of time. ______________________________________________________________________ Две за пространството и едно за времето. ______________________________________________________________________ 17 On rappelle que le nombre de DIMENSIONS d'un ESPACE est simplement le nombre de quantités qui suffisent à déterminer, à repérer la position d'un POINT de cet espace. ______________________________________________________________________ Remember that the number of DIMENSIONS for a SPACE is just the number of quantities required to determine the position of a POINT in that space. ______________________________________________________________________ Запомни, че броят на ИЗМЕРЕНИЯТА за ПРОСТРАНСТВОТО е просто броят на величините, нужни за да се определи положението на една ТОЧКА в това пространство. ______________________________________________________________________ Nous vivons dans un espace-temps à QUATRE dimensions. En effet, il faut quatre quantités, quatre données, pour prendre rendez-vous avec quelqu'un, pour réaliser une rencontre en un même point de cet espace-temps. ______________________________________________________________________ We live in a space-time having FOUR dimensions. For instance, you need FOUR quantities - four items of data – to be able to meet somebody at the right place and time.
Ние живеем във времепространство с ЧЕТИРИ измерения. Нужни са четири величини, дадености, за да можем да се срещнем с някого в една и съща точка от това времепространство. ______________________________________________________________________ Tirésias m'a donné rendez-vous au numéro DOUZE de la QUATRIème rue, au TROISIèME étage. Mais cet imbécile a oublié de me préciser l'heure. Je n'ai que trois données ! _______________________________________________________________________ Tiresias has asked me to meet him at number TWELVE on FOURTH street on the THIRD floor. But the clod has forgotten to say when. I don't have four items of data ! ________________________________________________________________________ Тирезий ми определи среща на ЧЕТВЪРТА улица, номер ДВАНАДЕСЕТ, етаж ТРЕТИ. Но този глупчо е забравил да уточни часа. Имам само три дадености. ________________________________________________________________________ Mais revenons, pour des commodités de dessin, à des espaces-temps à trois dimensions (deux d'espace, une de temps) ________________________________________________________________________ But to make life easier for the artist, let's continue to think about a three-dimensional space-time (two of space, one of time)… ________________________________________________________________________ Но за да е по-прегледна схемата, да продължим да си представяме времепространство с три измерения (две за пространството, едно за времето). ________________________________________________________________________ Savez-vous, chère amie, que nous nous déplaçons dans le temps ? ________________________________________________________________________ Did you realize, old boy, that we move in time ? ________________________________________________________________________ Знаете ли, скъпа приятелко, че се преместваме във времето? ________________________________________________________________________ Mais… nous sommes immobiles ! ________________________________________________________________________ But I haven't budged an inch ! ________________________________________________________________________ Но... ние не се движим! ______________________________________________________________________ Le déplacement des deux araignées dans cet espace-temps a été représenté sur la figure de droite. ________________________________________________________________________ The motion of these two spiders in such a space-time is illustrated by the diagram on the right.
________________________________________________________________________ Преместването на двата паяка в това времепространство е обяснено нагледно от схемата вдясно. ________________________________________________________________________ 18 Si par exemple je me déplace selon un cercle, ma trajectoire, dans cet espace-temps à trois dimensions, aura la forme d'un ressort à boudin. ________________________________________________________________________ For instance, if I go round and round in circles, then my path through three-dimensional space-time will look like a coiled spring (or helix). ________________________________________________________________________ Ако, например, се движа в кръг, моята траектория в това времепространство с три измерения ще има формата на спирална пружина. ________________________________________________________________________ Ah !...
________________________________________________________________________ Gosh – Is it spring already ? ________________________________________________________________________ О! _________________________________________________________________________ En somme, le PRésent absolu est une courbe plane effectuée dans cet espace-temps _________________________________________________________________________ Let's check that I've understood the ABSOLUTE PRESENT, at any given moment in a plane slice cut through this space-time. _________________________________________________________________________ В заключение, АБСОЛЮТНОТО НАСТОЯЩЕ е плосък отрязък от това времепространство. _________________________________________________________________________ AVENIR présent passé _________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ БЪДЕЩЕ НАСТОЯЩЕ МИНАЛО – Това отгоре се нарича бъдеще, а отдолу е миналато. ________________________________________________________________________ Aristote émit le premier l'idée que le présent puisse avoir une épaisseur nulle. _________________________________________________________________________ The first person to realize that the present has zero thickness was Aristote. _________________________________________________________________________ Аристотел първи отбелязва, че НАСТОЯЩЕТО няма плътност. _________________________________________________________________________ 19 En toute rigueur, c'est ainsi que nous devrions représenter l'araignée dans cet espace-temps à trois dimensions _________________________________________________________________________ To be completely accurate, we should represent a stationary spider in three-dimensional space-time like this. _________________________________________________________________________ За да сме точни, ето така трябва да изобразим пяка в това времепространство с три измерения. _________________________________________________________________________ La survie de l'araignée est liée à la non intersection, dans l'espace-temps, de sa trajectoire avec celle de la grenouille _________________________________________________________________________ The spider's survival depends on its path, in space-time, failing to meet the path traced by the fog.
_________________________________________________________________________ Оцеляването на паяка във времепространството зависи от това да не се пресече траекторията му с тази на жабата. _________________________________________________________________________ Brève rencontre dans l'espace-temps _________________________________________________________________________ Close encounter of the spatio-temporal kind. _________________________________________________________________________ Кратка среща във времепространството. _________________________________________________________________________ Mais pourquoi est-ce que nous ne percevons pas ces trajectoires d'espace-temps ? _________________________________________________________________________ But why don't we see this space-time trajectories ? _________________________________________________________________________ Но защо ние не забелязваме тези траектории на времепространството? __________________________________________________________________________ Tout simplement parce que nous ne percevons que le présent __________________________________________________________________________ Because we can only ever see the PRESENT ! __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ 20 Dans l'ascenseur du temps, nous sommes inexorablement entraînés. Il ne s'arrête ni ne redescend. __________________________________________________________________________ The elevator of time propels us inexorably upward. It neither stops, nor fall back. __________________________________________________________________________ Ние пътуваме безвъзвратно с асансьора на времето. Той нито спира, нито се връща обратно. __________________________________________________________________________ Lundi Mardi Mercredi Jeudi Vendredi Samedi Dimanche __________________________________________________________________________ Monday Tuesday Wenesday Thursday Saturday Sunday __________________________________________________________________________ Понеделник Вторник Сряда Четвъртък Петък Събота Неделя __________________________________________________________________________ Un ascenseur sans porte… __________________________________________________________________________ An elevator with no door… __________________________________________________________________________ Асансьор без врата... __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ … and no controls… Holy cow ! __________________________________________________________________________ ... без копчета... жалко... __________________________________________________________________________ Heureusement qu'il y a Sophie __________________________________________________________________________ I'm glad Sophie's here. __________________________________________________________________________ Добре, че Софи е тук. __________________________________________________________________________ Sophie, regarde, j'ai fait une coupe oblique dans l'espace-temps ! __________________________________________________________________________ Look, Sophie – I've found a new slant on things ! I've cut space-time obliquely. __________________________________________________________________________ Софи, виж, направих скосен отрязък във времепространството. __________________________________________________________________________ j'arrive __________________________________________________________________________ just a moment. __________________________________________________________________________ Идвам. __________________________________________________________________________ 21 C'est un truc couramment utilisé en dessin animé __________________________________________________________________________ That's a trick cartoonists often use. __________________________________________________________________________ Този начин често се използва в анимацията. __________________________________________________________________________ le cône de lumière __________________________________________________________________________ LIGHT CONES __________________________________________________________________________ СВЕТЛИННИЯТ КОНУС __________________________________________________________________________ En fait nous jetons toujours un regard oblique sur la réalité __________________________________________________________________________ You probably haven't noticed this – but we always see an oblique cross-section of reality. __________________________________________________________________________ Всъщност ние винаги имаме изкривен поглед върху реалността. __________________________________________________________________________ Qu'est-ce que tu veux dire par là ? __________________________________________________________________________ Oh sure, 'course I have. Eh ? __________________________________________________________________________ Какво искаш да кажеш? __________________________________________________________________________ La lumière met un certain temps à nous parvenir des objets. Ici, on a indiqué l'époque à laquelle elle a été émise en provenance de chacune des étoiles de la Grande Ourse. __________________________________________________________________________ Light takes a definite amount of time to reach us from distant objects. The diagram shows the time at which light left the stars in the BIG DIPPER, so as to arrive NOW. __________________________________________________________________________ На светлината й е нужно известно време, за да достигне до нас. Схемата показва времето, когато звездите от ГОЛЯМАТА МЕЧКА са започнали да излъчват светлина, за да достигне тя до нас СЕГА. __________________________________________________________________________ 22 En somme, les étoiles voisines pourraient très bien s'être volatilisées et je ne le saurai que dans des années ! __________________________________________________________________________ You mean that nearby stars could blow up, and I wouldn't know about it for years ? __________________________________________________________________________ Имаш пред вид, че съседни звезди биха могли да избухнат, а аз да го разбера чак след години? __________________________________________________________________________ on n'est pas informés __________________________________________________________________________ nobody ever tells me anything… __________________________________________________________________________ Не сме информирани. __________________________________________________________________________ Nous recevons sur les plaques des téléscopes l'image d'Andromède telle qu'elle était il y a deux millions d'années. __________________________________________________________________________ The image of Andromeda that we observe through telescopes shows us how it was TWO MILLIONS YEARS AGO. __________________________________________________________________________ Наблюдавайки през телескопа Андромеда, ние я виждаме такава, каквато е била преди два милиона години. __________________________________________________________________________ Nous voyons le Soleil tel qu'il était il y a huit minutes __________________________________________________________________________ We see the sun the way it was EIGHT MINUTES ago. __________________________________________________________________________ Виждаме слънцето такова, каквото е било преди осем минути. __________________________________________________________________________ et mes pieds sont plus vieux que mon nez ! __________________________________________________________________________ and my feet are older than my noise ! __________________________________________________________________________ А моите крака са по-стари от носа ми! __________________________________________________________________________ En somme, rien de plus difficile à percevoir que le présent. Peut-être qu'un objet situé contre ma rétine ?... __________________________________________________________________________ So there's really nothing harder to see than the present. Maybe an object situated just behind my retina … ? __________________________________________________________________________ Следователно, няма нищо по-сложно за възприемане от НАСТОЯЩЕТО. Може би само нещо, което ми е влязло в окото, се вижда лесно. __________________________________________________________________________ Non, Anselme, on ne peut voir que dans le passé. Cette perception s'appelle le présent relatif ; tout à l'heure il s'agissait du présent absolu. Le présent, c'est une chose strictement personnelle, ça ne se partage pas. __________________________________________________________________________ No, Archie. We can only see the past. So at any instant what we see is the RELATIVE PRESENT, whereas what we were talking about before was the ABSOLUTE PRESENT. The present is strictly a personal thing ; you can't share it around. __________________________________________________________________________ Не, Анселм. Ние можем да виждаме само миналато. Това възприятие се нарича ОТНОСИТЕЛНО НАСТОЯЩЕ. Преди малко стана въпрос за АБСОЛЮТНО НАСТОЯЩЕ. Настоящето е нещо много лично, не принадлежи на друг. __________________________________________________________________________ 23 Les vagues se propagent à la surface de l'eau à une vitesse constante. Ici, on a représenté une araignée tombée dans l'eau qui émet des vagues concentriques __________________________________________________________________________ Let's take the discussion further. Waves on the surface of water travel at a constant speed. Here a spider has fallen into a pond, emitting concentric circular waves. __________________________________________________________________________ Вълните се разпръскват по повърхността на водата с постоянна скорост. Тук е изобразен паяк, паднал във водата, който предизвиква концентрични вълни. __________________________________________________________________________ Dans l'espace-temps, ce message s'épanouit suivant un cône __________________________________________________________________________ In space-time this message spreads out along a cone. __________________________________________________________________________ Във времепространството това се изобразява във вид на конус. __________________________________________________________________________ C'est exactement pareil pour la lumière, qui se propage à une vitesse constante de 300 000 km/s __________________________________________________________________________ It's exactly the same for light, which travels at a constant speed of 300,000 km/sec. __________________________________________________________________________ Същото се отнася и за светлината, която се разпространява с постоянна скорост 300 000 км/с. __________________________________________________________________________ Inversement, les signaux lumineux reçus à chaque instant par un observateur proviennent de poins situés sur un cône de l'espace-temps : le cône de lumière __________________________________________________________________________ In the same way, the light signals received by each OBSERVER come from points situated on a cone in space-time : the LIGHT CONE. __________________________________________________________________________ В същото време светлинните сигнали, които получава всяка секунда един НАБЛЮДАТЕЛ, идват от точки, разположени върху КОНУС на времепространството – СВЕТЛИНЕН КОНУС. __________________________________________________________________________ Celui-ci constitue le présent relatif de cet observateur __________________________________________________________________________ It's this that makes up the observer's RELATIVE PRESENT. __________________________________________________________________________ Това е ОТНОСИТЕЛНОТО НАСТОЯЩЕ за този НАБЛЮДАТЕЛ. __________________________________________________________________________ Alors… le ciel est un cône ? __________________________________________________________________________ You mean… The sky is a cone ? __________________________________________________________________________ Значи, небето е конус? __________________________________________________________________________ Oui, Anselme, c'est une coupe conique à trois dimensions, effectuée dans notre espace-temps à quatre dimensions. __________________________________________________________________________ Yes, Archie ; it's a three-dimensional conical cross-section of our four-dimensional space-time. __________________________________________________________________________ Да, Анселм. То е триизмерен конус, който в нашето времепространство се разглежда с четири измерения. __________________________________________________________________________ 24 Un cône à trois dimensions ?... __________________________________________________________________________ A three-dimensional cone ? __________________________________________________________________________ Триизмерен конус? __________________________________________________________________________ Concept que le cerveau humain est mal préparé à accueillir. Nous percevons, mais aussi nous pensons en trois dimensions, et non 4. Aussi, revenons bien vite à notre image d'un espace-temps à trois dimensions. __________________________________________________________________________ It's a concept that the human brain finds difficult to acquire. Our perceptions, and also our thoughts, take place in three dimensions, not four. So let's make a hasty return to our model of a three-dimensional space-time __________________________________________________________________________ Това е понятие, което трудно се възприема от човешкия мозък. Ние възприемаме и МИСЛИМ в три измерения, а не в четири. Но да се върнем на времепространството с три измерения. __________________________________________________________________________ Hum…
__________________________________________________________________________ Is that like a triple scoop ? __________________________________________________________________________ Х-м...
__________________________________________________________________________ C'est chouette d'observer l'espace-temps. Mais, pour bien faire, il faut utiliser des diapositives coniques, brevet Lanturlu. __________________________________________________________________________ It's really quite illuminating, watching space-time like this. But I suppose, to do it properly, I ought to use CONICAL slides __________________________________________________________________________ Приятно е да наблюдаваш времепространството. Но предполагам, че за да го правиш още по-добре, трябва да използваш конусовидни диапозитиви. __________________________________________________________________________ Mais au fait, qu'est-ce que fabriquent Léon et Max ? Cela fait quinze pages qu'ils ont disparu __________________________________________________________________________ Woops – I forgot all about Max and Lenny ! It's been fifteen pages since they vanished ! __________________________________________________________________________ Какво ли правят Леон и Макс? Отсъстват вече от 15 страници. __________________________________________________________________________ 25 Je les ai vu s'embarquer tout à l'heure dans le sous-marin, pour une plongée d'une minute. Mais cela fait beaucoup plus de temps que ça qu'ils sont partis ! __________________________________________________________________________ When they left, they were getting into a submarine for a journey taking exactly ONE minute. But it's been AGES longer than that since they disappeared ! __________________________________________________________________________ Видях ги преди малко да се качват на подводницата, за да се потопят за една минута. Но вече много време ги няма. __________________________________________________________________________ Ah, les voilà qui remontent. Ils en ont mis un temps ! __________________________________________________________________________ Ah, here they come, surfacing at last. They certainly took their time. __________________________________________________________________________ А, ето, че изплуват. Не са си губили времето. __________________________________________________________________________ Scrrr
Скръц Oh, regardez, c'est incroyable ! Nous sommes page 25 __________________________________________________________________________ 'ere, wot's going on ? We're on page twenty-five ! __________________________________________________________________________ Вижте, невероятно! Стигнали сме до 25-а страница. __________________________________________________________________________ 26 Et voilà, une minute pile ! __________________________________________________________________________ Ja, ja : vun minute exactly ! __________________________________________________________________________ Да, точно една минута! __________________________________________________________________________
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