Table A2: Number of foreign nationals resident in the EU-27 by broad group of citizenship, 2003 – 07 (in 1 000)
Sources: Eurostat EU LFS, Eurostat population statistics, national data sources, DG Employment estimates. “:” figures too small to be reliable or not available.
Note: Choice of data sources according to data availability for individual countries. — For population statistics end of year data, for LFS 4th quarter data. — Figures not fully comparable between Member States due to the use of different sources. — Data from the LFS should be treated with some caution due to limitations of the survey with regard to foreign populations, in particular concerning coverage of very recent migrants and collective households, relative levels of non-response and small sample sizes. — 1) EU LFS quarterly data, 4th quarter. — 2) National and Eurostat population statistics. — 3) Eurostat population statistics, 2007 DG Employment estimate. — 4) CSO Ireland, Quarterly national household survey, 4th quarter; for 2003 3rd quarter 2004; Nationals from BG and RO included under non-EU-27 nationals until 2006 and under EU-10 nationals in 2007. — 5) EU LFS quarterly data, 4th quarter. EU-10 and EU-2 nationals included under non-EU-27. — 6) EU totals and sub-totals are only of an indicative nature as they are the sum of country values that stem from different sources; EU totals and sub-totals include country data which are not shown individually due to small sample size.
Chart A1: Foreign residents in the EU, 2003 – 07 (in % of total resident population)
Sources: Eurostat EU LFS, Eurostat population statistics, national data sources, DG Employment estimates.
Note: see note to Table A1
Chart A2: Population share of EU citizens resident in another Member State by broad group of citizenship, 2007 (% of resident population)
Sources: Eurostat EU LFS, Eurostat population statistics, national data sources, DG Employment estimates.
Note: Luxembourg off scale. — Empty cells: figures too small to be reliable or not available. — For further notes see Table A1.
Table A3: Share of recently arrived foreign nationals among the total labour force (age group 15-64), 2007
Sources: Eurostat EU LFS, annual data 2007.
Note: ":" – figures too small to be reliable. Any possible discrepancies with population data shown in tables A1 and A2 due to differences in data sources (e.g. age coverage, reference date, activity status).
Chart A3: Posted workers by sending country, 2006 (in 1 000)
Chart A4: Posted workers from the EU-15 and EU-10 by receiving country, 2006 (in 1 000)
Chart A5: Inflow of EU-8 labour migrants to the UK
Source: UK Home Office, Accession Monitoring Reports. Approved applicants to the workers registration scheme.
Chart A6: Inflows from EU-10 and BG/RO to Ireland
Source: Irish Department of Social and Family Affairs, number of issued Personal Public Service Numbers.
Chart A7: Convergence of GNI per capita in PPS, 2000–07
Chart A8: Unemployment rates in the EU, 2000 and 2007
Chart A9: Socio-economic breakdown of recent movers from the EU-2/10to the EU-15 (age group 15-64), 2007 (% of total per variable and group)
Source: Eurostat, EU LFS, annual data.
Note: Recent movers defined as persons resident 4 years or less in their EU-15 host country. Data on professional status, gender, age and educational attainment refer to active population aged 15-64, data on labour market status refer to total population aged 15-64. Data for the UK on educational attainment not included in the calculation due to problems with UK data concerning this variable.
Chart A10: Development of hourly gross wages and salaries in industry and services (excluding public administration) in major receiving countries, 2000 to 2008 (2000 = 100)
Chart A11: Overall unemployment rates in the main EU-15 receiving countries, 2000-2008
Chart A12: Overall employment rates in the main EU-15 receiving countries, 2000-2008
Chart A13: Workers’ remittances (incl. compensation of employees) as a share of GDP, 2006 (%)
Annex 2: References
Baas, T., H. Brücker and E. Hönekopp (2007), EU-Osterweiterung, Beachtliche Gewinne für die deutsche Volkswirtschaft, IAB Kurzbericht Nr. 6.
Barrell, R., J. Fitz Gerald and R. Riley (2007), EU enlargement and migration: assessing the macroeconomic impacts, NIESR Discussion Paper No 292.
Blanchflower, D., Saleheen, J., Shadforth, C. (2007), The Impact of the Recent Migration from Eastern Europe on the UK Economy, IZA Discussion Paper, No 2615.
BMWI (2007), Auswirkung der EU-Erweiterung auf Wachstum und Beschäftigung in Deutschland und ausgewählte Mitgliedstaaten. Bisherige Erfahrungen und künftige Entwicklungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der EU-Beitritte Bulgariens und Rumäniens. Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWI), Projekt 33/05.
Brücker, H. et al. (2008), Labour mobility within the EU in the context of enlargement and the functioning of the transitional arrangements, forthcoming.
Doyle, N., G. Hughes and E. Wadensjö (2006), Freedom of movement for workers from Central and Eastern Europe: experiences in Ireland and Sweden, SIEPS 2006:5.
European Commission (2008): Geographic Mobility in the context of EU enlargement, in: Employment in Europe 2008 report, Chapter3.
European Commission (2006), Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, Report on the functioning of the transitional arrangements set out in the 2003 Accession Treaty (period 1 May 2004–30 April 2006), Luxembourg, COM(2006) 48 final.
Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P. and Poot, J (2004), A Meta-Analytic Assessment of the Effect of Immigration on Wages, Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper, TI 2004-134/3.
Lemos, S. and J. Portes (2008), The impact of migration from the new European Union Member States on native workers.
Longhi, S., Nijkamp, P. and Poot, J (2006), The Impact of Immigration on the Employment of Natives in Regional Labour Markets: A Meta-Analysis, IZA Discussion Paper No 2044.
Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment of the Netherlands (2007), More than 100.000 people from Central and Eastern Europe employed in the Netherlands, press release 27 November.
Pajares, M. (2007), Inmigración y mercado de trabajo. Informe 2007. Análisis de datos de España y Cataluña. Documentos del Observatorio Permanente de Inmigración, No 14.
Pollard, N., Lattorre, M. and Sriskandarajah, D. (2008), Floodgates or turnstiles? Post enlargement migration flows to (and from) the UK, Institute for Public Policy Research (ippr).
Prettner, K. and A. Stiglbauer (2007), Auswirkungen der vollständige Öffnung des österreichischen Arbeitsmarktes gegenüber den EU-8-Staaten. Geldpolitik & Wirtschaft Q4.
UK Home Office (2008), Accession Monitoring Report May 2004 — March 2008, A8 Countries.
UK Home Office (2004), Accession Monitoring Report May 2004 — December 2004.
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