JAR 25.807 Emergency exits
(See ACJ 25.807)
(a) Type. For the purpose of this JAR–25,
the types of exits are defined as follows:
(1) Type I. This type is a floor level
exit with a rectangular opening of not less than
24 inches (609·6 mm) wide by 48 inches
(1·219 m) high, with corner radii not greater
than one-third the width of the exit.
(2) Type II. This type is a rectangular
opening of not less than 20 inches (508 mm)
wide by 44 inches (1·12 m) high, with corner
radii not greater than one-third the width of the
exit. Type II exits must be floor level exits
unless located over the wing, in which case
they may not have a step-up inside the
aeroplane of more than 10 inches (254 mm) nor
a step-down outside the aeroplane of more than
17 inches (431·8 mm).
(3) Type III. This type is a rectangular
opening of not less than 20 inches (508 mm)
wide by 36 inches (914·4 mm) high, with
corner radii not greater than one-third the
width of the exit, and with a step-up inside the
aeroplane of not more than 20 inches
(508 mm). If the exit is located over the wing,
the step-down outside the aeroplane may not
exceed 27 inches (685·8 mm).
(4) Type IV. This type is a rectangular
opening of not less than 19 inches (482·6 mm)
wide by 26 inches (660·4 mm) high, with
corner radii not greater than one-third the
width of the exit, located over the wing, with a
step-up inside the aeroplane of not more than
29 inches (736·6 mm) and a step-down outside
the aeroplane of not more than 36 inches
(914·4 mm).
(5) Ventral. This type is an exit from
the passenger compartment through the
pressure shell and the bottom fuselage skin.
The dimensions and physical configuration of
this type of exit must allow at least the same
rate of egress as a Type I exit with the
aeroplane in the normal ground attitude, with
landing gear extended.
(6) Tail cone. This type is an aft exit
from the passenger compartment through the
pressure shell and through an openable cone of
the fuselage aft of the pressure shell. The
means of opening the tail cone must be simple
and obvious and must employ a single
operation.
(7) Type A. This type is a floor level
exit with a rectangular opening of not less than
42 inches (1·067 m) wide by 72 inches
(1·829 m) high with corner radii not greater
than one-sixth of the width of the exit.
(b) Step down distance. Step down distance, as
used in this paragraph, means the actual distance
between the bottom of the required opening and a
usable foot hold, extending out from the fuselage,
that is large enough to be effective without
searching by sight or feel.
(c) Over-sized exits. Openings larger than
those specified in this paragraph, whether or not
of rectangular shape, may be used if the specified
rectangular opening can be inscribed within the
opening and the base of the inscribed rectangular
opening meets the specified step-up and step-down
heights.
(d) Passenger emergency exits. (See ACJ
25.807 (d). Except as provided in sub-paragraphs
(d)(3) to (7) of this paragraph, the minimum
number and type of passenger emergency exits is
as follows:
Additional exits are required for passenger seating
configurations greater than 179 seats in
accordance with the following table:
(2) For passenger seating configurations
greater than 299 seats, each emergency exit in
the side of the fuselage must be either a Type A
or a Type I. A passenger seating configuration
of 110 seats is allowed for each pair of Type A
exits and a passenger seating configuration of
45 seats is allowed for each pair of Type I
exits.
(3) If a passenger ventral or tail cone
exit is installed and that exit provides at least
the same rate of egress as a Type III exit with
the aeroplane in the most adverse exit opening
condition that would result from the collapse
of one or more legs of the landing gear, an
increase in the passenger seating configuration
beyond the limits specified in sub-paragraph
(d)(1) or (2) of this paragraph may be allowed
as follows:
(i) For a ventral exit, 12 addi-tional
passenger seats.
(ii) For a tail cone exit
incorporating a floor level opening of not
less than 20 inches (508 mm) wide by
60 inches (1·524 m) high, with corner
radii not greater than one-third the width
of the exit, in the pressure shell and
incorporating an approved assist means in
accordance with JAR 25.809(h),
25 additional passenger seats.
(iii) For a tail cone exit
incorporating an opening in the pressure
shell which is at least equivalent to a
Type III emergency exit with respect to
dimensions, step-up and step-down
distance, and with the top of the opening
not less than 56 inches (1·422 m) from
the passenger compartment floor,
15 additional passenger seats.
(4) For aeroplanes on which the
vertical location of the wing does not allow the
installation of over-wing exits, an exit of at
least the dimensions of a Type III exit must be
installed instead of each Type IV exit required
by sub-paragraph (1) of this paragraph.
(5) An alternate emergency exit
configuration may be approved in lieu of that
specified in sub-paragraph (d)(1) or (2) of this
paragraph provided the overall evacuation
capability is shown to be equal to or greater
than that of the specified emergency exit
configuration.
(6) The following must also meet the
applicable emergency exit requirements of JAR
25.809 to 25.813:
(i) Each emergency exit in the
passenger compartment in excess of the
minimum number of required emergency
exits.
(ii) Any other floor level door or
exit that is accessible from the passenger
compartment and is as large or larger
than a Type II exit, but less than
46 inches (1·168 m) wide.
(iii) Any other passenger ventral
or tail cone exit.
(7) For an aeroplane that is required to
have more than one passenger emergency exit
for each side of the fuselage, no passenger
emergency exit shall be more than 60 feet
(18·288 m) from any adjacent passenger
emergency exit on the same side of the same
deck of the fuselage, as measured parallel to
the aeroplane’s longitudinal axis between the
nearest exit edges.
(e) Ditching emergency exits for passengers.
Ditching emergency exits must be provided in
accordance with the following requirements
whether or not certification with ditching
provisions is requested:
(1) For aeroplanes that have a
passenger seating configuration of nine seats or
less, excluding pilots seats, one exit above the
waterline in each side of the aeroplane, meeting
at least the dimensions of a Type IV exit.
(2) For aeroplanes that have a
passenger seating configuration of 10 seats or
more, excluding pilots seats, one exit above the
waterline in a side of the aeroplane, meeting at
least the dimensions of a Type III exit for each
unit (or part of a unit) of 35 passenger seats,
but no less than two such exits in the passenger
cabin, with one on each side of the aeroplane.
The passenger seat/exit ratio may be increased
through the use of larger exits, or other means,
provided it is shown that the evacuation
capability during ditching has been improved
accordingly.
(3) If it is impractical to locate side
exits above the waterline, the side exits must be
replaced by an equal number of readily
accessible overhead hatches of not less than the
dimensions of a Type III exit, except that for
aeroplanes with a passenger configuration of
35 seats or less, excluding pilots seats, the two
required Type III side exits need be replaced
by only one overhead hatch.
(f) Flight crew emergency exits. For
aeroplanes in which the proximity of passenger
emergency exits to the flight crew area does not
offer a convenient and readily accessible means of
evacuation of the flight crew, and for all
aeroplanes having a passenger seating capacity
greater than 20, flight crew exits shall be located
in the flight crew area. Such exits shall be of
sufficient size and so located as to permit rapid
evacuation by the crew. One exit shall be
provided on each side of the aeroplane; or,
alternatively, a top hatch shall be provided. Each
exit must encompass an unobstructed rectangular
opening of at least 19 by 20 inches (482·6 by 508
mm) unless satisfactory exit utility can be
demonstrated by a typical crew member.
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