Process Industry Supply Chains: Advances and Challenges-Nilay Shah /1-17

Coordination Supply chains decision an optimization model-Christoph Haeling /55-58/

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9. Coordination Supply chains decision an optimization model-Christoph Haeling /55-58/

Координацията при обмена на информация и контролирането на материалните потоци са ключ към ефективното управление на Supply chain веригите.Комплекс от взаймодействия вътре във веригата и възникващите несигурности обхващащи Supply chain се явяват именно от координацията между съответните звена вътре в нея.

Тя може да бъде осъществена оптимизирайки потоците съставящи Supply chain веригата посредством методите на анализа. Използван е модел на смсеното целочислено линейно програмиране като инструмент при взимането на тактическите решения по отношение на редът , производството и транспорта на даденият продукт.

Тук се взимат под внимание множеството от различни условия при процеса на информационното обслужване и взимането на логически решения .Изготвянето и изпълнението на този вид моделиране се отличава от решенията взети от човека , при които е отчетен и потенциално неефективното решение .Набор от няколко методологични селекции отчитащи трудностите при решаването на проблемите при решаването на задачата на смесеното целочислено програмиране са представени като с това те допринасят при разрешаването на спеифичните проблеми при този род задачи.

Улесняването –подпомагането на движението на материалите са обект на разглеждане от Supply chain.

Управлението на Supply chain –веригите е концентрирано върху ефективността и изпълнителността на всички материални потоци а така също на тяхната информационна обезпеченост в рамките на веригата.

Основното предизвикателство пред Supply chain веригите се изразява в умелата координация на отделните звена вътре в нея т.е взаимодействието помежду им при различните нива от процеса на производството , осигуряването на необходимата и пълна информация при взимането на решенията като се прави подбор между набор от възможни решения.

Това благоприятства забележителна продуктивност , която се характеризира с високи нива на производство.

Целта на представената статия е да допринесе и подобри процесът на взимането на решения в средата на Supply chain.На практика оптимизационният модел рефлектира като цяло върху структурата на Supply chain веригите , интегрираща разнообразие от решения .Транспортната задача е дефинирана при процеса на моделиране като се взима в предвид адаптирането и специално към Batch процесите.

Modeling Supply chain interdependencies

Взаимозависимост пи моделирането на осигурителните вериги
На фиг.3 е илюстрирана схемата на взаимозависимост на стадиите при формирането на Supply chain веригите

фиг.3

По своята си същност Supply chain веигата се характеризира с набор от независими стадии , които могат най-грубо да бъдат разделени на три основни секции:
1.Осигуряване на необходимите ресурси
2.Процес по изработването на продукта
3.Дистрибуция
Решенията относно придобиването на ресурси и в последствие тяхното използване можв да се дефинира кати низ от три етапа, фиг.4:
1.Стратегическо ниво на вземане на решенията разглежда:

Обектите на обслужване;
Пророцес на вертикална и хоризонтално разширяване на мрежата

2.Тактическо планиране :

Селекция на доставчиците;
Нива на производства ;
Възлови пунктове при транспортирането;
Връзки между отделните производствени звена;
Дистрибуторски центрове;
Клиенти

3.Производство:

Подробно изготвяне на производствените разписания

фиг.4

В контекста на процеса по взимането на решения вниманието е насочено в ситуацията когато Supply chain мрежата е вече конфигурирана т.е установена. В тази обстановка ударението е към формирането на тактиката като внимането е концентрирано към взаимодействието при формирането на реда ,производството и транспортирането на продуктите ,решенията взимани при наличието на набор от благопрятни изхода.от прецтическа гледна точка интерес би представлявал взимането на необходимите решения при транспорта на продуктите така , че да бъде удовлетворена установената конфигурациа от транспортни връзки.
Фигура 5 показва общата структура на Supply chain , при която информационните и материални потоци функционират , както и взаимовръзките между отделните производства и респективно отделните стадии от които се състоят.

Фиг.5

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