А дали не е B12? — Епидемия от погрешни диагнози
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| ГЛАВА 6 — БЕЛЕЖКИ 1. Muhammad, R., Fernhoff, Р., et al. Neurologic impairment in children associated with maternal dietary deficiency of cobalamin — Georgia, 2001. MMWR Weekly, Jan. 31, 2003/52(04);61-64. 2. Graham, S.M., Arvela, O.M., Wise, G.A. Long-term neurologic consequences of nutritional vitamin B 12 deficiency in infants. Journal of Pediatrics 1992, 121:710-4. 3. Muhammad, R., Fernhoff, P., et al. Neurologic impairment in children associated with maternal dietary deficiency of cobalamin — Georgia, 2001. MMWR Weekly, Jan. 31, 2003/52(04):61-64. 4. Steen, M.T., Boddie, A.M., Sisher, A.J., Macmahon, W., Saxe, D., Sullivan, K.M., Dembure, P.P., Elsas, L.J. Neural-tube defects are associated with low concentrations of cobalamin (vitamin B 12 ) in amniotic fluid. Prenatal Diagnosis 1998, 18(6):545-55; Dawson, E.B., Evans, D.R., Van Hook, J.W. Amniotic fluid B 12 and folate levels associated with neural tube defects. American Journal of Perinatology 1998, 15(9):511-4; Thorand, B., Pietrzik, K., Prinze-Langenohl, R., Hages, M., Holzgreve, W. Maternal and fetal serum and red blood cell folate and vitamin B 12 concentrations in pregnancies affected by neural tube defects. Zeitschrift fur 193 Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie 1996, 200(5):176-80; Kirke, P.N., Molloy, A.M., Daily, L.E., Burke, H., Weir, D.G., Scott, J.M. Maternal plasma folate and vitamin B 12 are independent risk factors for neural tube deffecta. Quarterly Journal of Medicine 1993, 86(11):703-8; Weeks. E.W., Tamura, T., Davis, R.O., Birch, R., Vaughn, W.H., Franklin, J.C., Barganier, C., Cosper, P., Finley, S.C., Finley, W.H. Nutrient levels in amniotic fluid from women with normal and neural tube defect pregnancies. Biology of the Neonate 1992, 61(4):226-31. 5. Molloy, A.M., et al. Maternal vitamin B 12 status and risk of neural tube deffects in a population with high neural tube defect prevalence and no folic acid fortification. Pediatrics 2009, 123:917-923. 6. Thompson, M.D., et al. Vitamin B 12 and neural tube defects: the Canadian experience. Am J Clin Nutr 2009, 89(suppl.):697S-701S. 7. Ramakrishna, T. Vitamins and brain development. Physiological Research 1999, 48(3):175-87. 8. Shojania, A.M. Folic acid and vitamin B 12 deficiency in pregnancy and in the neonatal period. Clinics in Perionatology 1984, 11(2):433-59. 9. Davis, J.R., Goldenring, J., Lubin, B.H. Nutritional vitamin B 12 deficiency in infants. American Journal of Diseases of Children 1981, 135:566-567. 10. Graham, S.M., Arvela, O.M., Wise, G.A. Long-term neurological consequences of nutritional vitamin B 12 deficiency in infants. Journal of Pediatrics 1992, 121:710-4. 11. Crane, M.G., Register, U.D., Lukens, R.H., Gregory, R. Cobalamin (CBL) studies on two total vegetarian (vegan) families. Vegetarian Nutrition: An International Journal 1998, 2(3):87-92. 12. Watanabe, F., Katsura, H., Takenaka, S., Fujita, T., Abe, K., Tamura, Y., Nakatsuka, T., Nakano, Y. Pseudovitamin B(12) is the predominant cobamide of an algal health food, spirulina tablets. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999, 47(11):4736-41. Виж също: Vegetarian Society UK fact sheet. „Vitamin B 12 “ http://www.vegsoc.org/info/B12.html 13. Byrne, S. „The myths of vegetarianism“, Nexus Magazine, 2002 (online). 14. Davis, J.R., Goldenring, J., Lubin, B.H. Nutritional vitamin B 12 deficiency in infants. American Journal of Diseases of Children 1981, 194 135:566-567. 15. Krajcovica-Kudlackova, M., Blazicek, P., Babinska, K., Kopcova, J., Klvanova, J., Bederova, A., Magalova, T. Traditional and alternative nutrition — levels of homocysteine and lipid parameters in adults. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2000, 60(8):657-64. 16. Herrmann, W., Schorr, H., Purschwitz, K., Rassoul, F., Richter, V. Total homocysteine, vitamin B(12), and total antioxidant status in vegetarians. Clinical Chemistry 2001, 47(6):1094-101. 17. Bissoli, L., Di Francesco, V., Ballarin, A., Mandragona, R., Trespidi, R., Brocco, G., Caruso, B., Bosello, O., Zamboni, M. Effect of vegetarian diet on homocysteine levels. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 2002, 46(2):73-9. 18. Crane, M.G., Register, U.D., Lukens, R.H., Gregory, R. Cobalamin (CBL) studies on two total vegetarian (vegan) families. Vegetarian Nutrition: An International Journal 1998, 2(3):87-92. 19. Bjorke-Monsen, A.L., Ueland, P.M., Vollset, S.E., Guttormsen, A.B., Markestad, T., Solheim, E., Refsum, H. Determinants of cobalamin status in newborns. Pediatrics 2001, 108(3):624-630. 20. Gadowsky, S.L., Gale, K., Wolfe, S., Jory, J., Gibson, R., O’Connor, D. Biochemical folate, B 12 , and iron status of a group of pregnant adolescents accessed through the public health system in southern Ontario. Journal of Adolescent Health 1995, 16:465-474. 21. Graham, S.M., Arvela, O.M., Wise, G.A. Long-term neurological consequences of nutritional vitamin B 12 deficiency in infants Journal of Pediatrics 1992, 121:710-4. 22. Louwman, M., van Dusseldorph, M., van de Vijver, F.J.R., Thomas, C.M.G., Schnecde, J., Ueland, P.N., Refsum, H., van Staveren, W.A. Signs of impaired cognitive function in adolescents with marginal cobalamin status. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000, 72:762-9. 23. Licht, D.J., Berry, G.T., Brooks, D.G., Younkin, D.P. Reversible subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a fourteen-year-old due to a strict vegan diet. Clinical Pediatrics 2001, 40(7):4l3-5. 24. Toronto Sun. „Boy paralyzed by forgotten disease“ Dec. 17, 2007, by Michele Mandel. 25. Fuhrman. Цит. в: www.breathing.com/articles/vitamin-B12- vegan.html 195 26. Murphy, M.M., et al. Longitudinal study of the effect of pregnancy on maternal and fetal cobalamin status in healthy women and their offspring. J Nutr (2007) 137:1863-1867. 27. Cohen, M. The toppling toddler. Discover 2001, 22(11), online. 28. Dr. Rinaldo. Цит. в сайта на клиника „Майо“: „Spotlignt in Childhood Diseases“ Mayoclinic.com. 29. Roze, E., et al. Neuropsychiatric disturbances in presumed late — onset cobalamin C disease. Archives of Neurology 2003, 60(10):1457-62. 30. Ciani, F., et al. Lethal late onset cblB methylmalonic aciduria. Critical Care Medicine, 2000, 28:2119-21. 31. Bhatt, цит. в: „Vitamin disorder may be key to autism“ London Daily Telegraph, Aug. 17, 1995. 32. Baker, Sidney, личен разговор. 33. Brenner, Arnold, „Vitamin B 12 and the autism spectrum“ писмо до лекари и родители, June 26, 1996. 34. Brenner, А., отворено писмо до лекарите 1996. 35. Презентация пред Defeat Autism Now! (DAN!) Conference, 2003. 36. Ibid. 37. Rimland, B.R., личен разговор, 2002. [1] Според някои данни серумният B 12 дава фалшиви положителни резултати по време на бременност (ниски серумни стойности при липса на дефицит), но заради това спорно твърдение дефицитът на B 12 при бременните често се подценява и излага на голям риск както майките, така и децата им. ↑ [2] Озадачаващо е, че макар родителите на децата, обхванати от това проучване, да са високообразовани, а учените да са открили ниския кобаламинов статус още в бебешка възраст, единственото вероятно обяснение за продължителния дефицит е, че част от личните лекари явно не са провеждали редовни изследвания за B 12 в детството им, нито при необходимост са назначавали инжекции. Ние намираме подобно поведение за неглижиране на стандартите и немарливост по отношение на грижите за деца с установен дефицит. ↑ [3] Терапията с B 12 (хидроксикобаламин) е решение само при определени форми на хомоцистинурия. Тъй като последната може да 196 се дължи и на вродени дефекти в метаболизма на B 12 или фолата, не всички деца се повлияват от B 12 . При някои се налага лечение с биоактивен фолат, витамин B 6 , комбинация от витамини, бетаин и/или промени в белтъчния или аминокиселинен състав на храната (виж Изтегляне 3.7 Mb. Сподели с приятели:
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