38
C’est le même phénomène qui fait monter le parfum dans mon vaporisateur
_____________________________________________________________________
The same effect makes the perfume come out of my spray.
_____________________________________________________________________
На същото явление се дължи издигането на парфюма в моя пулверизатор
_____________________________________________________________________
…et qui aspire les fumées dans les cheminées, grâce au vent.
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…and it sucks smoke up chimneys – with help from the wind.
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... и поради това пушекът се всмуква в камината.
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Depuis quand les cheminées parlent-elles ?
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I never knew chimbleys spoke before!
_____________________________________________________________________
Откога камините могат да говорят?
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Bizarre, j’aurais plutôt cru que l’air se serait entassé dans cet entonnoir.
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Nuts. I’d always fought that the air got trapped in this bloomin’ funnel!
_____________________________________________________________________
Странно, по-скоро бих си помислил, че въздухът се е насъбрал в тази фуния.
_____________________________________________________________________
Enoncé suivant la LOI DE BERNOULLI :
Pression et vitesse varient inversement.
La Direction
_____________________________________________________________________
Here is an announcement:
BERNOULLI’S LAW:
Pressure and speed vary inversely
The Boss
_____________________________________________________________________
Обявяваме, че според ЗАКОНА НА БЕРНУЛИ:
Колкото е по-голяма скоростта на въздушния поток, толкова е по-малко налягането в него и обратно.
Ръководството
____________________________________________________________________
A la vérité, la mécanique des fluides défie bien souvent notre intuition et notre sens commun.
_____________________________________________________________________
It’s true – fluid mechanics really does defy intuition and common sense.
_____________________________________________________________________
Всъщност, механиката на флуидите често не се подчинява на нашата интуиция и здрав разум.
_____________________________________________________________________
39
Exemple de
PARADOXE lié à la loi de Bernoulli :
_____________________________________________________________________
Example of a
PARADOX related to Bernoulli’s law…
_____________________________________________________________________
Пример за ПАРАДОКС, свързан със Закона на Бернули:
_____________________________________________________________________
C’est pas intuitif pour un rond. Enfin…
_____________________________________________________________________
It sure ain’t h’intuitive an’ that’s a fact! Now -
_____________________________________________________________________
Интуицията е неприложима към опита с диска и тръбата. Тогава...
_____________________________________________________________________
Qu’est-ce que c’est que cela ? Encore un de leurs trucs !
_____________________________________________________________________
‘ere, wot’s this ‘ere there then?
Anuvver one of their bleedin’ toys?
_____________________________________________________________________
Какво пък е това? Още едно от тези неща.
_____________________________________________________________________
ASPIRISOUFFLE
_____________________________________________________________________
BLOWSUCKER
_____________________________________________________________________
ДУХАТЕЛНА ТРЪБА
_____________________________________________________________________
Apparemment c’est un simple tube collé sur un disque
_____________________________________________________________________
It jus’ looks like a cardboard choob stuck to a disc…
_____________________________________________________________________
Прилича на най-обикновена тръба, прикрепена към диск.
_____________________________________________________________________
Tube qu’il pose sur une boite d’allumettes !!!
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Now, why’s ‘e stickin’ the choob on to that box of matches?
_____________________________________________________________________
Тръба, която поставя върху кибритена кутия!
_____________________________________________________________________
40
Il…souffle…et il soulève la boite !!!
_____________________________________________________________________
Wotthe’eck? ‘e – ‘e’s blowin’ an’ it’s liftin’ the box!!
_____________________________________________________________________
Той... духа... и повдига кутията!
_____________________________________________________________________
Misère…
_____________________________________________________________________
Cripes
_____________________________________________________________________
Олеле!
_____________________________________________________________________
Comment peut-on aspirer en soufflant ?
_____________________________________________________________________
‘ow can yer suck by blowin’?
_____________________________________________________________________
Как можеш да вдишваш въздух, докато го издишаш?
_____________________________________________________________________
Au raccord cylindre - disque, la section de passage du gaz diminue brusquement et l’air est violemment accéléré. La pression devient alors inférieure à la pression atmosphérique.
_____________________________________________________________________
At the junction of the cylinder and the disc, the width for the gas to pass through drops suddenly, and the air speeds up violently. The pressure drops below that of the atmosphere.
_____________________________________________________________________
На мястото, където цилиндърът и дискът се свързват, широчината на прохода за газа изведнъж се свива и скоростта на въздуха рязко се покачва. Налягането става по-ниско от атмосферното.
_____________________________________________________________________
La partie périphérique est, par rapport à la pression atmosphérique, en dépresson
_____________________________________________________________________
…the outside part is at a lower pressure than the atmosphere.
_____________________________________________________________________
Налягането в периферната част е по-ниско от атмосферното.
_____________________________________________________________________
La portion de la paroi de la boite qui est en face de canal central, se trouve, vis-à-vis de la pression ambiante, en surpression
_____________________________________________________________________
The part of the box opposite the hole in the tube is at a higher pressure than its surroundings…
_____________________________________________________________________
Тази част от стената на кутията, която е разположена срещу централния канал, се намира в състояние на повишено налягане по отношение на околния въздух.
_____________________________________________________________________
41
Il se trouve que le résultat de tout cela est une succion
_____________________________________________________________________
It turns out that the result of all that is suction…
_____________________________________________________________________
Оказва се, че резултатът от всичко това е всмукването.
_____________________________________________________________________
Vous pouvez réaliser une expérience analogue avec une simple feuille de papier :
_____________________________________________________________________
You can produce a similar effect using only a sheet of paper.
_____________________________________________________________________
Можете да осъществите подобен опит с най-обикновен лист хартия:
_____________________________________________________________________
Tenez-la comme ceci
_____________________________________________________________________
Hold it like this…
_____________________________________________________________________
Дръжте го ето така.
_____________________________________________________________________
Soufflez ici, très fort.
_____________________________________________________________________
Blow here, very hard…
_____________________________________________________________________
Духнете силно тук.
_____________________________________________________________________
Dès que vous soufflez, lâchez la feuille. Elle restera un court moment plaquée.
_____________________________________________________________________
As you blow, let go of the paper. It will stay in place for a few moments.
_____________________________________________________________________
Докато духате, пуснете листа. Той ще остане прегънат за известно време.
_____________________________________________________________________
Nota bene :
Il faut souffler FORT !
La Direction
_____________________________________________________________________
N.B.
Blow HARD!!
The Boss
_____________________________________________________________________
Забележка:
Трябва да се духа СИЛНО! Ръководството
_____________________________________________________________________
42
Tu viens voler un peu ?
_____________________________________________________________________
How about coming for a flight?
_____________________________________________________________________
Да не се каниш да летиш?
_____________________________________________________________________
Avec tout ce que j’ai vu aujourd’hui, je préfère aller à pied !
_____________________________________________________________________
After wot I seen today, mate, I’d rather walk!!!
_____________________________________________________________________
След всичко, което видях днес, предпочитам да вървя пеша.
_____________________________________________________________________
Fluide, densité, pression, température, réaction Bernoulli. J’ai tous les maîtres - mots pour voler.
_____________________________________________________________________
Fluid, density, pressure, reaction, Bernoulli – I should have all the words I need to get off the ground.
_____________________________________________________________________
Течна среда, плътност, налягане, температура, формула на Бернули. Имам всички необходими думи, за да полетя.
_____________________________________________________________________
BERNOULI
REACTION
TEMPERATURE
PRESSION
FLUIDE
DENSITE
........................................................
БЕРНУЛИ
РЕАКЦИЯ
ТЕМПЕРАТУРА
НАЛЯГАНЕ
ТЕЧНА СРЕДА
ПЛЪТНОСТ
.........................................................................................
Non, il t’en manque un
_____________________________________________________________________
No, there’s one missing.
_____________________________________________________________________
Не, една дума ти липсва.
_____________________________________________________________________
Lequel ?
_____________________________________________________________________
Which?
_____________________________________________________________________
Коя?
_____________________________________________________________________
43
LE SONGE DE LANTURLU :
_____________________________________________________________________
ARCHIBALD’S DREAM:
_____________________________________________________________________
СЪНЯТ НА ЛАНТУРЛУ
_____________________________________________________________________
Nom d’un vortex où suis-je ??
_____________________________________________________________________
Good grief! Where am I?
_____________________________________________________________________
И таз добра! Къде съм?
_____________________________________________________________________
Apparemment je suis dans un submersible. Quel endroit inquiétant !...
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Apparently in some kind of submarine. That gives me a sinking feeling…
_____________________________________________________________________
Май съм в подводница. Много несигурно място.
_____________________________________________________________________
Il faut que je sorte d’ici au plus vite
_____________________________________________________________________
I’ve got to get OUT of here fast!
_____________________________________________________________________
Трябва час по-скоро да изляза оттук.
_____________________________________________________________________
Cette machine a deux modes de propulsions, des rames et une hélice mue par des pédales.
_____________________________________________________________________
There seem to be two ways to move this machine – Oars, and a propeller driven by pedals.
_____________________________________________________________________
Тази машина може да се задвижи по два начина – с гребла и с витло, задвижвано от педали.
_____________________________________________________________________
44
Diable, je pédale depuis une heure…
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Hell, I’ve pedaled for an hour
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По дяволите, вече един час въртя педалите...
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…et je n’avance pas d’une pouce !
_____________________________________________________________________
…and I haven’t budged a millimeter!
_____________________________________________________________________
... и не напредвам и сантиметър!
_____________________________________________________________________
Essayons les rames…ça ne donne rien non plus…et je ne sens aucune résistance !!
_____________________________________________________________________
Let’s try the oars…they’re not doing anything either. There isn’t even any resistance!
_____________________________________________________________________
Да опитам с греблата... Пак нищо не става... Не усещам никакво съпротивление!
_____________________________________________________________________
Je dois être dans le vide ?
Et non, si j’étais dans le vide, mon submersible ne flotterait pas !
_____________________________________________________________________
Am I in a vacuum?
No, the submarine wouldn’t float…
_____________________________________________________________________
Сигурно се намирам в пустотата. Не, ако бях в пустотата, подводницата ми нямаше да се движи.
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45
Tiens, on dirait que je remonte
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Crikey, it looks like I’m surfacing!
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Виж ти, сякаш се изкачвам.
_____________________________________________________________________
Par tous les tourbillons de l’enfer, Sophie, explique-moi ce que tout cela signifie !
_____________________________________________________________________
By all the wind-devils of hell, Sophie – what’s been going on?
_____________________________________________________________________
В името на всички дяволи, Софи, обясни ми какво означава всичко това?
_____________________________________________________________________
HELIUM SUPERFLUIDE
_____________________________________________________________________
SUPERFLUID HELIUM
_____________________________________________________________________
ХЕЛИЙ СУПЕРФЛУИД
_____________________________________________________________________
46
Tu étais simplement dans de l’hélium SUPERFLUIDE. Rappelle toi l’histoire de la caisse de sable. Le frottement des grains les uns sur les autres était tellement important que le sable s’écoulait avec difficulté. Ici c’est l’inverse.
En dessous d’une certaine température, très basse, la fluidité de l’hélium devient infinie et les frottements nuls.
_____________________________________________________________________
You were just in some SUPERFLUID helium. Remember what happened in the sandbox? The friction of the grains of sand against each other was so great that the sand only flowed with difficulty.
Here it’s the opposite. Below a certain very low temperature, the fluidity of helium becomes infinite, and there is no friction at all.
_____________________________________________________________________
Ти просто се намираше в хелий, СУПЕРФЛУИД. Припомни си случая със сандъчето с пясък. Триенето на песъчинките една в друга бе толкова силно, че пясъкът трудно можеше да изтича. В този случай е обратното. Под определена много ниска температура течливостта на хелия става безкрайна , а триенето – нулево.
_____________________________________________________________________
Mais quel rapport entre les frottements, et le fait de ramer, de voler, ou de se propulser à l’aide d’une hélice ?
_____________________________________________________________________
But what’s friction got to do with rowing, flying, or propelling yourself with a propeller?
_____________________________________________________________________
Но каква е връзката между триенето и гребането, летенето или придвижването с помощта на витло?
_____________________________________________________________________
Tu avais raison, en un sens, avec ton parapluie. Pour prendre appui sur l’air, il faut avoir prise sur lui.
_____________________________________________________________________
You had the idea, in a way, with your umbrella. To get support from the air you have to grab hold of it.
_____________________________________________________________________
В известен смисъл имаше право, с чадъра. За да се задържиш във въздуха, трябва да се държиш за него.
_____________________________________________________________________
Si l’air était SUPERFLUIDE, ton parachute ne te servirait à rien. Pire, il ne se gonflerait même pas et tu tomberais en chute libre !
_____________________________________________________________________
If the air were SUPERFLUID, your parachute wouldn’t be any use. Worse – it wouldn’t open, and you’d fall like a stone.
_____________________________________________________________________
Ако въздухът бе СУПЕРФЛУИД, парашутът нямаше да ти послужи за нищо. Дори по-зле – той нямаше да се издуе и ти щеше да паднеш!
_____________________________________________________________________
47
Le premier animal qui entreprit d’escalader les cieux comprit vite qu’il lui faudrait s’accrocher, d’une manière ou d’une autre, à ce milieu.
_____________________________________________________________________
The first creature who tried to reach for the sky quickly found out that one way or another, it would have to grab the air…
_____________________________________________________________________
Първото животно, което се е опитало да се издигне в небето, разбрало бързо, че по един или друг начин трябва да се задържи за тази среда.
_____________________________________________________________________
Ainsi le vol d’un plus lourd que l’air est semblable à une course permanente où l’on tente de prendre appui sur un milieu inconsistant qui se dérobe sans cesse.
_____________________________________________________________________
So the flight of a heaver-than-air device is like an endless attempt to gain a hold on something so tenuous that it always slips from your grasp.
_____________________________________________________________________
По този начин полетът на един обект, който е по-тежък от въздуха, прилича на безкраен опит да се задържиш за нещо толкова разредено, че винаги ти се изплъзва.
_____________________________________________________________________
Encore faut-il pouvoir prendre appui sur ce milieu.
_____________________________________________________________________
So you have to find some way to get support from such a medium.
_____________________________________________________________________
Може още веднъж д опиташ да намериш опора в такава среда.
_____________________________________________________________________
Si celui-ci est SUPERFLUIDE les molécules glissent les unes sur les autres et sur les objets sans aucun FROTTEMENT.
Les oiseaux sont alors contraints d’aller à pied, les éoliennes ne tournent pas et les transports aériens ne peuvent être assurés que par des ballons propulsés par réaction.
_____________________________________________________________________
If it’s SUPERFLUID, the molecules slip past each other, and past objects, with no FRICTION.
The birds would have to go on foot, windmills wouldn’t turn, and aerial transport would have to be achieved using balloons with reaction motors.
_____________________________________________________________________
Ако тя е СУПЕРФЛУИД, молекулите се плъзгат една в друга и върху обектите без никакво ТРИЕНЕ.
Тогава птиците щяха да бъдат принудени да ходят пеша, вятърните мелници нямаше да се движат, а въздушният транспорт щеше да се извършва само с балони, които се движат благодарение на реактивна тяга.
_____________________________________________________________________
Le vol est donc lié au frottement gazeux.
_____________________________________________________________________
Flying thus depends on gaseous friction.
_____________________________________________________________________
Следователно полетът е свързан с триенето на газовете.
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